1. Dietary Interventions for Depression

• A 10-year Australian study found women following a traditional diet (vegetables, fruits, whole grains, lean meats) had a 30% lower risk of depression.

• Women consuming a Western diet (processed foods, high sugar) had a 50% higher risk of depression.

• In 2024, the world’s first clinical trial confirmed that diet interventions guided by nutritionists were as effective as psychotherapy for mild depression.

2. Mediterranean Diet and Mood Improvement

• University of South Australia research showed adults >60 following a Mediterranean diet (olive oil, fish, nuts) had reduced anxiety and stress.

• Findings published in Nutrients suggest effects are mediated via gut microbiome regulation and neurotransmitter synthesis.

3. Key Nutrients and Mental Health

• B Vitamins: from whole grains and legumes; support neurotransmitter production.

• Omega-3 Fatty Acids: fish consumption linked to lower depression risk.

• Dietary Fiber: regulates mood via the gut–brain axis.

• Antioxidants: dark fruits and vegetables reduce oxidative brain damage.

4. Dietary Recommendations for Specific Groups

• Women: University of Melbourne study recommends reducing processed foods and increasing low-fat dairy and minimally processed foods (ages 20–93).

• Older Adults: Mediterranean diet may slow cognitive decline and lower dementia risk.

• Metabolic Disorders: emphasize blood sugar control; recommend low-GI foods.

5. Policy and Public Health Impact

• Australia has integrated dietary interventions into depression treatment plans.

• Dietitians are officially recognized as part of mental health services.

• The 2025 updated dietary guidelines emphasize women’s nutrition across the lifespan.

6. Future Research Directions

• Investigating molecular mechanisms linking gut microbiota and mental disorders.

• Assessing effectiveness of dietary interventions across different cultural backgrounds.

• Clinical validation of digital nutrition intervention tools.